PAZI RUPA! POLITIKA, MOĆ I PROSTOR ZA ANTROPOLOGIJU
Ključne reči:
power, state, policy, engaged anthropology, public anthropology, pragmatismApstrakt
Ovaj članak predstavlja pokušaj da se povežu dve vrste "praznog prostora" sa kojima se suočavaju naučnici. Reč je ne samo o običnom koncepcijskom ili teorijskom problemu, već o jednom koji ima jasne praktične posledice. Prva "rupa" postoji između politika nacionalnih ili nadnacionalnih vlasti i lokalnog nivoa. Kako se baviti obema stranama prostora koji razdvaja politiku i ljude? Tvrdim da nam oslanjanje na koncepte kao što su "politika" ili "država" ne može biti od velike pomoći, već da je najkorisnije analizu koncentrisati oko pojma moći. Povezujući pragmatička, metodološka i epistemološka pitanja, želela bih da dovedem u pitanje mogunost kombinovanja "’prebivajuće perspektive’ sa prepoznavanjem činjenice da ljudi zajedno nastanjuju polja moći" (Ingold 2005a: 501). Drugi prazan prostor, o kom se raspravlja makar od osnivanja univerziteta u Evropi, ako ne i od antičkih vremena, je onaj između akademskih struktura i šire zajednice, a koji, kako tvrdim, nastaje slično prvom. Stoga, drugo pitanje koje u postaviti u ovom tekstu istovremeno je normativno i praktično, i tiče se upotrebe antropologije u savremenom svetu, odnosno odsustva očekivanog doprinosa antropologa komentarisanju urgentnih društvenih problema, lokalnih kao i globalnih. Zatim razmatram da li, i kako, antropologija može da "govori" van akademske zajednice, i u kom stepenu sama struktura ove zajednice to onemogućava. Prvi deo ovog teksta, dakle, bavi se dekonstruisanjem nekih od osnovnih pretpostavki prisutnih u određenim konceptualizacijama države, predlažući alternativne načine na koje država može biti uključena u antropološke analize i etnografiju na način korisniji nego što je do sada bio slučaj. Drugi deo otvara pitanje od opšteg interesa o mogunostima upotrebe antropologije, zaključujući, sa Gledhilom (Gledhill), "da možemo biti aktivniji i posvećeniji učesnici u haotičnim poljima moći koje proučavamo" (2004: 38).
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