EPISTEMOLOŠKO I POLITIČKO NEPOVERENJE U NAUKU: ANTROPOLOŠKA ANALIZA IZVORA I DRUŠTVENIH POSLEDICA
Ključne reči:
nepoverenje u nauku, populizam, struktura nauke, povezanost nauke i politike, autoritet, odgovornost, antivakserski pokretApstrakt
Sve veće i rasprostranjenije nepoverenje prema nauci i stručnjacima je postalo posebno vidljivo tokom pandemije korona virusa 2019. godine. Predstava o nauci kao praksi međusobno suprotstavljenih i konkurentnih teorija dovodi „običnog čoveka“ u poziciju epistemološke nesigurnosti, a ovu ranjivu poziciju koristi populizam kako bi produbio ne samo jaz između „običnog naroda“ i „elite“, već i nepoverenje prema nauci i stručnjacima. U ovom radu razvijam tipologiju nepoverenja prema nauci, pri čemu prepoznajem: epistemološko nepoverenje, koje je uslovljeno shvatanjem strukture nauke kao „groblja naučnih teorija“, i političko nepoverenje, koje predstavlja reakciju na povezanost nauke sa politikom. Ova dva tipa prepoznajem kao izvore nepoverenja prema nauci, na osnovu kojih se ovo nepoverenje tumači kao odgovor na nestabilnost autoriteta, i kao oblikovano kroz kulturne modele rizika, krize i odgovornosti, što dovodi do toga da se nepoverenje prema nauci javlja kao smislen društveni odgovor, a ne izraz iracionalnosti i neobrazovanosti.
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